ÐÏà¡±á>þÿ ACþÿÿÿ@ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿì¥Ás ¿æjbjbÀ À %Nªkªkæÿÿÿÿÿÿ]¢¢¢¢¢¢¢JJJJJV\Jmê¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾*,,,,,,,WôKX¢¾¾¾¾¾X¾¢¢¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¢¾¢¾*¶JJ¢¢¢¢¾*¾l¾*¢¢*²´Âà³JJ¾*PRIVATE INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" HYPERLINK "http://www-dhc.ucdavis.edu/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/header-dhc.gif" HYPERLINK "../" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-fh.gif" HYPERLINK "../so/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-so.gif" HYPERLINK "../tw/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-tw.gif" HYPERLINK "../ct/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-ct-sel.gif" HYPERLINK "../aa/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-aa.gif" HYPERLINK "../sm/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-sm.gif" HYPERLINK "../wr/" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/topmenu-wr.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/header-filler.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/header-ct.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" CRITICAL THINKING - Key Concepts Chart INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/contents-ct.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" The exact definition of critical thinking has been up for debate for many years. In 1990, the Delphi Report, a research study on critical thinking, was published to clarify the definition of critical thinking. A consensus definition was developed from the 46 critical thinking experts consulted for the research study. The Delphi Report definition: Critical thinking is the level a student is able to interpret, analyze, evaluate, explain, and infer concepts and ideas. The Center for Critical Thinking as Sonoma State developed key concepts of critical thinking. In the chart below, those concepts are listed with suggestions for implementation. In addition, questioning students to help them develop their critical thinking skills is key. The questions below provide a good start for helping in their development. † Critical Thinking Concept † How to Implement Concept † Questions to Ask Students † All reasoning has a purpose † Take time to state purpose clearly. Distinguish your purpose from related purposes. Check periodically to be sure you are still on target. Choose significant and realistic purposes. † What is the purpose, goal, point? † All reasoning is an attempt to figure something out, to settle some question, to solve some problem † Take time to clearly and precisely state the question at issue. Express the question in several ways to clarify its meaning and scope. Break the question into sub-questions. Identify if the question has one right answer, is a matter of opinion, or requires reasoning from more than one point of view. † What is the problem or issue being solved or described? † All reasoning is based on assumptions † Clearly identify your assumptions and determine whether they are justifiable. Consider how your assumptions are shaping your point of view. † What are the biases or assumptions behind the inferences, selection or collection of data, or framing of the problem/experiment? † All reasoning is done from some point of view † Identify your point of view. Seek other points of view and identify their strengths and weaknesses Strive to be fair-minded in evaluating all points of view. † What point of view is being expressed? What political/ideological/ paradigmatic considerations inform or govern or limit point of view? † All reasoning is based on data, information, and evidence † Restrict your claims to those supported by the data you have. Search for information that opposes your position as well as information that supports it. Make sure that all information used is clear, accurate and relevant to the question at issue. Make sure you have gathered sufficient information. † On what data or evidence is the decision/definition/problem based? † All reasoning is expressed through, and shaped by, concepts and ideas † Identify key concepts and explain them clearly. Consider alternative concepts or alternative definitions to concepts. Make sure you are using concepts with care and precision. † What are the basic concepts or terms being used? How do these definitions affect the framing/understanding of the problem? † All reasoning contains inferences or interpretations by which we draw conclusions and give meaning to data † Infer only what the evidence implies. Check inferences for their consistency with each other. Identify assumptions which lead you to your inferences. † What inferences are being made from what kind of data, and are these inferences legitimate? † All reasoning leads somewhere or has implications and consequences † Trace the implications and consequences that follow from your reasoning. Search for negative as well as positive implications. Consider all possible consequences. † What is the solution, outcome, or resolution of the problem or issue? What are the short-term and long-term implications of the solutions/consequences of the outcome? How would from a related but different discipline look at the problem/solution/issue, and could an interdisciplinary approach improve the analysis/ discussion/evaluation? † HYPERLINK "../" HYPERLINK "../so/" Seminars HYPERLINK "../tw/" | Thinking | HYPERLINK "../aa/" Assessment HYPERLINK "../sm/" HYPERLINK "../wr/" Resources † INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-ct-chart-sel.gif" HYPERLINK "whatis.html" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-ct-whatis.gif" HYPERLINK "blooms.html" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-ct-blooms.gif" HYPERLINK "questions.html" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-ct-questions.gif" HYPERLINK "skills.html" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-ct-skills.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/menu-footer.gif" INCLUDEPICTURE \d "../images/t.gif" æ÷OJPJQJnH -RwœÁæ0Uz¥Óã$Re“¦Øë,Zm›Ìùüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$lnˆ‰þŒ¥¦§©ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉËçèéì B z ¦ § ¨ ª Ì þùGHIJKLMNOPQRS{|}~€‚ƒ„…†‡®üüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$®¯°±²³´µ¶å - m `abcdefghijklnˆ‰üüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$‰þŒ¥¦§©ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉËçèéì B z ¦ § ¨ ª Ì Í Î Ï üüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$Ï Ð Ñ Ò Ô 89:=~Æînoprª«¬®¯°²ØÙÚÝ,küüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$klmoðñòóôõöø&'(+IÌÍÎÐXYZ[\]^üüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$^`š›œŸÞ:™ÎÏÐÒcdeh™àüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$š›œžŸ ¢ 9r«¬¯ VWüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$WX[¥ÜK¬WXYZ[\]^_abcdefghijüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$jkl|˜«ºÍØëþ%'()*+,-./d|®ÆøHüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüüü1$H`’Áæüüüü1$#0P°Ð/ °à=!°"°# $ %° [4@ñÿ4NormalCJOJPJQJmH _PID_GUID'AN{88DF2D00-556D-11D3-942C-080007B7C7FE} !"#$%&'þÿÿÿ)*+,-./þÿÿÿ1234567þÿÿÿ9:;<=>?þÿÿÿýÿÿÿBþÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿRoot Entryÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÀFg$szé¾D€1Tableÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ(WordDocumentÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ%NSummaryInformation(ÿÿÿÿ0DocumentSummaryInformation8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ8CompObjÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿXÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿ ÀFMicrosoft Word DocumentþÿÿÿNB6WWord.Document.8